a. ㉣ Cohesion Force

㉣ Cohesion Force

The third concept is cohesion force( \( \vec{S} \) ), which is one of the factors of security force. The Song Dynasty of China maintained a bureaucratic organization with a civil servant system to make it easier to suppress military rebellions. This implies that their internal cohesion force was weak. As a result, their security force also weakened, with a decrease in the mobility of their military and their ability to respond to organized attacks by nomads. Cohesion force refers to the degree to which members of an organization maintain cooperative relationships with each other. Generally, if the members of a political organization are cohesive and cooperative, the common profits of the political organization increase. However, if they are not, these profits tend to decrease, resulting in a decrease in security force.

Cohesion force, which indicates the degree of cooperation, reflects the extent to which political actors dedicate themselves and sacrifice for one another or for a political organization. While there are individuals, such as Admiral Yi Sun-sin, who sacrifice their lives to protect their country even if it conspires against them, in general, individuals or organizations do not make any sacrifices without any compensation (benefit). For instance, during World War I, British women contributed greatly to overcoming the crisis of defeat, which eventually led to women's suffrage. However, if they had collaborated without any compensation, it would have been considered charity rather than cooperation. Therefore, the size of the political cost that political actors pay to one another can determine the size of the cohesion force.

Power is fundamentally based on cooperative relationships^[Ch.2.8], and the cohesion force that reflects the intensity of power relationships corresponds to the strengthening of the political regime and obedience to power. When obedience is achieved, short-term security force ( \( \vec{S} \)  : realized profit) increases. In the case of Japan, the highly statist political and cultural system with a strict behavioral norm and value system makes it easier to achieve cohesion in large groups that must comply with the authorities, leading to a growth rate that surpasses Germany and the United States in post-World War II recovery efforts. Conversely, when specific subgroups or individuals within an organization pursue selfish interests, it weakens the cohesion force and the power of the regime.